Loading... # Centos7安装MySQL8.0操作步骤(yum安装方法) **本文主要介绍在Centos7系统中使用yum方式安装MySQL8.0的详细步骤。** ## 1、下载和安装MySQL数据库 1. **下载mysql库(需联网)** ``` wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm ``` 2. **添加MySQL yum源** ``` yum -y install mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm ``` 3. **更新MySQL的GPG(新安装MySQL执行该脚本)** ``` rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023 ``` 4. **安装MySQL(默认安装8.0)** ``` yum -y install mysql-community-server ``` **若要安装5.7版本,执行以下命令:** ``` wget http://repo.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm ``` ## 2、开启MySQL服务 1. **开启Mysql服务** ``` systemctl start mysqld # 或者 service mysqld start ``` 2. **查看mysql是否开启** ``` systemctl status mysqld # 或者 service mysqld status ``` 3. **停止服务** ``` systemctl stop mysqld # 或者 service mysqld stop ``` 4. **查看默认密码(非必要操作)** ``` cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password # 或者 grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log ``` ## 3、登录MySQL数据库和操作 1. **登录数据库** ``` mysql -u root -p ``` 2. **修改密码** ``` ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '新密码'; ``` **例如:** ``` ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Hxy1224@'; ``` 3. **新建用户(8.0版本因新安全要求需新建用户授权)** ``` -- 查看mysql用户 use mysql; select user, host from user; -- 新建用户 create user 'hive'@'%' identified by '123456'; -- 为用户授权 grant all on *.* to 'hive'@'%'; -- 刷新权限 flush privileges; ``` 4. **创建hive的元数据库(按需操作)** ``` create database hivedb; ``` 5. **查看数据库和字符集** ``` SHOW DATABASES; select * from information_schema.schemata; show variables like 'character_set_%'; ``` ## 4、开放3306数据库默认端口(远程登录要开) 1. **检查防火墙是否开启(若未运行则启动)** ``` systemctl status firewalld # 若未运行,执行以下命令启动 systemctl start firewalld ``` 2. **永久添加3306端口** ``` firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp ``` 3. **刷新生效** ``` firewall-cmd --reload ``` 4. **检查是否开启端口(非必要操作)** ``` firewall-cmd --list-ports ``` **备注:如果防火墙不需要运行,执行第一步即可。** ## 5、开机自启动 ``` systemctl enable mysqld ``` ## 6、修改简单密码 1. **查看mysql初始化密码的策略** ``` use mysql; SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; ``` 2. **修改密码验证强度(重启后失效)** ``` set global validate_password.policy=LOW; ``` 3. **修改密码允许最短长度(不能小于4)** ``` set global validate_password.length=6; ``` 4. **修改简单密码** ``` alter user 'root'@'%' identified by '123456'; ``` ## 7、设置root账号远程访问 1. **查询表** ``` use mysql; select user,host,plugin from user; ``` 2. **设置root任意地址访问** ``` update user set host = '%' where user = 'root'; flush privileges; ``` **备注:若使用navicat12登录报错(因mysql8.0默认新插件caching\_sha2\_password),可执行以下命令改回旧插件mysql\_native\_password,或者升级navicat到16版本(16版本已支持caching\_sha2\_password)。** ``` update user set plugin = 'mysql_native_password' where user = 'root'; ``` ## 8、修改权限(非必要,8.0版本以前操作) 1. **修改权限** ``` GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION; ``` 2. **刷新权限** ``` flush privileges; ``` **其中,**`%`表示所有远程机器,`root`表示远程登陆后使用root用户,`*.*`表示所有表。 ``` 最后修改:2025 年 05 月 11 日 © 允许规范转载 打赏 赞赏作者 支付宝微信 赞 1 如果觉得我的文章对你有用,请随意赞赏